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Install PostgreSQL

Prerequisite​

  1. For Kylin, we recommend using PostgreSQL as the default metastore database. The PostgreSQL 10.7 installation package is located in the product package root directory postgresql.

  2. If using other versions of PostgreSQL, please choose a version above PostgreSQL 9.1.

  3. The PostgreSQL installation package currently supports installation in CentOS system, the correspondence is as follows:

    • rhel6.x86_64.rpm -> CentOS 6
    • rhel7.x86_64.rpm -> CentOS 7
    • rhel8.x86_64.rpm -> CentOS 8

    Please check out Linux version before choosing the installation package. You should be able to see your Linux core version by running uname -a or cat /etc/issue.

    Note: other system compatible package please refer to PostgreSQL Website.

  4. In this section, we will go through a PostgreSQL installation and configuration on CentOS 6.

root User Installation and Configuration​

  1. After unzipping the Kylin package, enter the root directory sbin and run following commands in order to download PostgreSQL.

    ./download_postgresql.sh

  2. After unzipping the Kylin package, enter the root directory postgresql and run following commands in order to install PostgreSQL.

    rpm -ivh postgresql10-libs-10.7-1PGDG.rhel6.x86_64.rpm
    rpm -ivh postgresql10-10.7-1PGDG.rhel6.x86_64.rpm
    rpm -ivh postgresql10-server-10.7-1PGDG.rhel6.x86_64.rpm

  3. Initialize PostgreSQL

    The OS has installed Initscripts services, Please run:

    service postgresql-10 initdb

    The OS not has installed Initscripts services, Please run in the PostgreSQL bin directory:

    $PGSQL_HOME/pgsql-10/bin/postgresql-10-setup initdb
    for example: /user/pgsql-10/bin/postgresql-10-setup initdb

  4. Modify two PostgreSQL configuration files, the files are in /var/lib/pgsql/10/data/:

    • pg_hba.conf: mainly used to store the authentication information of the client.
    • postgresql.conf

    i. Run vi pg_hba.conf to open the file and you can see the following initial setting:

    host    all             all             127.0.0.1/32            ident

    Please the change the above setting to the following:

    host    all             all             127.0.0.1/32            md5

    tips: The above modification makes you match any users in localhost (IP address is localhost or 127.0.0.1) to connect any databases and validate user password via md5.

    At the same time, please append a new line at the end of this file:

    host    all             all             0.0.0.0/0               md5

    tips: The above modification makes you match any user in any IPV4 address to connect any databases, and validate user password via md5.

    Fields Explanation:

    • host: The connect way, host means connecting via TCP / IP;
    • First all: Match all databases;
    • Second all: Match all users;
    • 0.0.0.0/0: Match all IPV4 address;
    • md5: Validate via md5.

    tips: You can set corresponding match rules according to your cases.

    ii. Run vi postgresql.conf to open another configuration file and modify the following properties:

    listen_addresses = '*'

    Field Explanation:

    • listen_addresses: Specify the TCP / IP address listened by server. It is represented by multiple hostnames seperated by comma, for intance, listen_addresses = host1,host2,host3 or listen_address = 10.1.1.1,10.1.1.2,10.1.1.3. The special symbol * matches all IP addresses. You can modify the property on demands.
    • port: The default value is 5432. If 5432 is taken, please replace it with an avaliable port.

  5. Run service postgresql-10 start to launch PostgreSQL

  6. Log in to PostgreSQL and create the database

    i. Run su - postgres to switch to postgres user.

    Tip: postgres is automatically created by Linux user in the process of PostgreSQL installation.

    ii. Run /usr/pgsql-10/bin/psql to connect PostgreSQL server.

    The command above will connect to port 5432 by default. If you have changed port number in configuration file postgresql.conf, please use -p option indicating the port number you set before. For instance, say you set port number as 5433 in postgresql.conf file, please run as /usr/pgsql-10/bin/psql -p 5433.

    iii. Kylin uses postgres as user name to connect PostgreSQL by default, you are required to set password for user postgres. Run ALTER USER postgres PASSWORD 'kylin'; to set user password to kylin.

    Note: Please do not forget ; at the end of the command.

    iv. Run create database kylin; to create the metadata database, named as kylin by default.

    Note: Please do not forget ; at the end of the command.

    v. Run \l to check if the database was created successfully. If you see picture as below, you have just created a database named kylin.

    check kylin database

Non root User Installation and Configuration​

The following example is that Linux user abc installs and configures PostgreSQL.

  1. Create a new directory /home/abc/postgresql, then unzip the PostgreSQL installation package.

    rpm2cpio postgresql10-libs-10.7-1PGDG.rhel6.x86_64.rpm | cpio -idmv
    rpm2cpio postgresql10-10.7-1PGDG.rhel6.x86_64.rpm | cpio -idmv
    rpm2cpio postgresql10-server-10.7-1PGDG.rhel6.x86_64.rpm | cpio -idmv

    Note: please make sure user abc has read and write privileges.

  2. Edit ~/.bash_profile file, append export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/abc/postgresql/usr/pgsql-10/lib at the end of the file, then run source ~/.bash_profile to make it take effect.

  3. Configure database

    i. Run the following command to initialize database:

    ~/postgresql/usr/pgsql-10/bin/initdb -A md5 -U postgres -W -D ~/postgresql/var/lib/pgsql/10/data/

    Fields explanation:

    • -A md5: validate user password via md5
    • -U postgres: specify user postgres
    • -W: set password for user postgres
    • -D ~/postgresql/var/lib/pgsql/10/data/: specify the path where the configuration file is located

    As the picture shows below, input password after run the command above, the password is the password for user postgres, say the password is kylin.

    initialize postgresql

    ii. Edit configuration file

    Step 1: Create the directory for Unix Socket communication via the command below:

    mkdir ~/postgresql/socket

    Step 2: Modify the configuration file ~/postgresql/var/lib/pgsql/10/data/postgresql.conf:

    listen_addresses = '*'
    unix_socket_directories = '/home/abc/postgresql'
    #port = 5432

    Note: please make sure current user has read and write privileges on Unit Socket communication directory /home/abc/postgresql.

    Step 3: Please append the following line at the end of ~/postgresql/var/lib/pgsql/10/data/pg_hba.conf configuration file:

        host    all             all             0.0.0.0/0               md5

  4. Run the following command to launch PostgreSQL:

    ~/postgresql/usr/pgsql-10/bin/pg_ctl -D ~/postgresql/var/lib/pgsql/10/data/ -l ~/postgresql/var/lib/pgsql/10/pgstartup.log start

  5. Run the following command to connect PostgreSQL:

    ~/postgresql/usr/pgsql-10/bin/psql -U postgres -h localhost

    The above command will connects to 5432 port. If you modified the setting in configuration, please add -p option and set the port. Say you set the port number in postgresql.conf to 5436, please run following command:

    ~/postgresql/usr/pgsql-10/bin/psql -U postgres -h localhost -p 5436

    After that, please input password as prompted.

  6. Run the following command to create a database named kylin:

    create database kylin;

    Note:

    • Please do not forget to append ; at the end of the command.
    • You can check if kylin database was created successfully via \l command in PostgreSQL client.

FAQ​

Q: How to solve the error libicu18n.so.42: cannot open shared object file: no such file or directory when a non-root user initializes PostgreSQL?

There are two solutions:

Solution 1: Make sure that the node installing PostgreSQL can access the external network, and then enter the command yum install libicu-devel in the terminal to download libicui18n.

Solution 2: Visit the website https://pkgs.org/download/libicu and download the required packages. Please choose the appropriate version according to the system kernel, such as libicu-4.2.1-1.el6.x86_64.rpm for CentOS 6. Then use the command rpm2cpio libicu-4.2.1-14.el6.x86_64.rpm | cpio -idmv to decompress the binary package and place the decompressed content in $LD_LIBRARY_PATH. If you don't know $LD_LIBRARY_PATH, please refer to the second step of Non root User Installation And Configuration above.